High-speed tool-steel alloy



GEORGER. (tours, or ,nn'raorr, moms an HIGH-SPEED TOOL-STEEL LOY Ho Drawing.

The present invention relates to the manufacture of steels suitable for use as cutting tools for lathes, planers,-milling machines, etc., and its object is to produce new and im- 6 proved high speed steels having a cutting efficiency superior to tool steels .an' analogous character.

These improved steels are characterized in their physical composition by the unusual w fineness of their crystals and the weight and density of the alloys which I attribute to the .use of a small amountof copper in the alloys and to the fact that the alloys are 'cast in a chill which gives to the tools their finished form. I

i As a basis for the alloys I prefer to use open hearth steel low incarbon, sulphur and man anese. I find that good. boiler plate punc ings are admirably adapted for my purpose, especially when the carbon content 1 is no more than about one-sixth of one percent. I melt about 336 parts of this steel with 96 parts of good pig iron, which is 'high,

in graphite carbon, low in'silicon and sulphur, and when these are yvell melted I add 150 parts of ferro-tung'sten containing about 85 percent of tungsten. When this mass is again fluid I add in their order 6 parts of copper, 28 parts of ferro-chromium (92 percent chromium) 24 parts of ferro-vanadium (38 percent vanadium) and about silicon "for the pp ose ofremoving the oxides which may e s 'mmed from the surface. The finished alloys should have more than one percent of vanadium.

I ave found that the percentages. of the several constituents may each be increased or decreased as much as ten percent without entirely losing the unusual hardness and but I prefer the proportions given as the resultant alloys seem to give the best results.

4 parts of toughness which characterizes these alloys,

Application filed September 1, 1927. Serial No. 217,007.

The steels being chilled require no hardening and the molds are so formed that but little grinding and no forging is necessary. I

therefore avoid the many steps usually found necessary in producing high speed tool steels, which are puddling, rolling, heat-treating and hardening, and I also save the expense of the machinery necessary to perform these various steps, while at the same time I produce a materialhaving the desired qualities to a more marked degree and therefore of greaten value for metal working.

I claim 1. A high speed tool steel containing car bon, tungsten, chromium, one and one half percent of vanadium and about one percent of copper.

2. A high speed tool steel containing substantially 436 parts of iron, 127 parts of tungsten, 6 parts of copper, '26 parts of chromium, and 15 parts of vanadium.

3. High speed tool steels containing about one and one-half percent of vanadium and about one percent of copper. GEORGE After being carefully skimmed, the allo s are poured into molds of cast iron to give t e desired shapes for tools and also to produce cutt' edges of unusual hardness; The "tools ormed fromthese alloys have unusual red hardness and stand up to their work when they have reached quite high temperatures.

a. coULs. 

